C


cabal (noun)
A private organization or party engaged in secret intrigues. (EB)
A group of persons secretly united in contrived schemes or a plot (as to overturn a government).  Club, group. (MW)
A conspiratorial group of plotters or intriguers. (AHD)
A secret political clique or faction. (NOA)

cabotage (noun)
The right to operate sea, air, or other transport services within a particular territory.  Restriction of the operation of sea, air, or other transport services within or into a particular country to that country's own transport services. (NOA)
The transportation of passengers and goods within the same country.  Law or policy protecting transporters of passengers and goods within a country from competition from foreign carriers. (AHD)
Trade or transport in coastal waters or airspace or between two points within a country.  The right to engage in cabotage. (MW)

cad (noun)
A man who behaves dishonorably, especially towards a woman. (NOA)
A man who treats other people, especially women, badly or unfairly. (CDC)
A poorly behaved, ill-mannered lout. (Green's)
caddish (adjective)

Calcutta (city)
Former name (until 2000) for Kolkata.

Caledonia (geographical name)
Latin name for Scotland.
Historical area of north Britain beyond Roman control, roughly corresponding to modern Scotland. (EB)
Name for Scotland, or for the northern part of Britain, in ancient times. (CD)
Caledonian (adjective):  Relating to Scotland or the Scottish Highlands. (NOA)
Note:  Caledonia and Caledonian are often used by organizations and commercial entities.

calumny (noun)
The making of false and defamatory statements about someone in order to damage their reputation; slander.  A false and slanderous statement. (NOA)
The act of making a statement about someone that is not true and is intended to damage the reputation of that person. (CD)
A false statement maliciously made to injure another's reputation.  The utterance of maliciously false statements; slander. (AHD)

campanile (noun)
An Italian bell tower, especially a free-standing one. (NOA)
A bell tower, usually built beside or attached to a church; the word is most often used in connection with Italian architecture. (EB)
A bell tower, especially one near but not attached to a church or other public building. (AHD)

capricious (adjective)
Given to sudden and unaccountable changes of mood or behavior. (NOA)
Governed or characterized by caprice; impulsive, unpredictable. (MW)
Characterized by, arising from, or subject to caprice; impulsive or unpredictable. (AHD)
Derogatory:  Marks the person as undependable, flighty, and possibly petty, likely to disregard the effect of a sudden change in plans, etc., on other people.
(Evans & Wollard, Capricious/Mercurial, Word-Detective.com, 2013)
See:  mercurial

capture (noun and verb)
noun:  The act of winning or getting control of something. (CD)
verb:  Winning or gaining control of something. (RM)
The process by which an organization or institution, originally intended to serve a broad public interest, comes under the influence or control of specific interest groups, often to the detriment of its original mission or the public good. (Grok)
Note:  I am particularly interested in the usage of capture as gaining complete or near complete ideological or regulatory control over some institution or institutions.  For instance:  Our universities have been captured by the progressive left.  Or, the FDA and CDC have been captured by the pharmaceutical industry.  As a noun, the pharmaceutical capture of the CDC was disastrous for the government's response to Covid.  I think I first heard this use from Bret Weinstein and Heather Heying.

carcinogenic (neologism, adjective)
Having the potential to cause cancer. (NOA)
Something that metaphorically corrupts or destroys, like an idea, a system, or a relationship. (Grok)
Anything, often a person or personality, that has a seriously unhealthy, deleterious, and/or pernicious effect on something or someone else. (RM)
Note:  What I like about this word is its possible use outside of health-related contexts.  For instance:  Her attitude within the organization was positively carcinogenic.  Or, she was a carcinogenic presence.  Or even, she was carcinogenic.  It need not be a person:  The unknown software virus was carcinogenic to our computer system and daily operations.  I never see this use defined in any formal dictionary, so I have created my own definition.  While it may not be so defined in any formal sense, if you use carcinogenic in this manner, people will absolutely understand your meaning.

carinderia or karinderya (noun)
Philippines
From the Tagalog word, karinderya:  In the Philippines, a food stall with a small seating area, typically in a market or at a roadside. (NOA)

casuistry (noun)
Specious argument; rationalization. (MW)
Specious or excessively subtle reasoning intended to rationalize or mislead. (AHD)
The use of clever arguments to trick people. (CD)
The use of clever but unsound reasoning, especially in relation to moral questions; sophistry. (NOA)
See:  specious

catafalque (noun)
A decorated wooden framework supporting the coffin of a distinguished person during a funeral or while lying in state. (NOA)
A decorated platform or framework on which a coffin rests in state during a funeral. (AHD)
A decorated structure on which the coffin of an important person is placed before or during their funeral. (CD)

catechize (verb)
To instruct systematically especially by questions, answers, and explanations and corrections.  To question systematically or searchingly. (MW)
Put questions to or interrogate (someone). (NOA)
To question or examine closely or methodically. (AHD)

catholic (adjective)
Of or including all Christians; relating to the historic doctrine and practice of the Western Church. (NOA)
Of or relating to the universal Christian church or the ancient undivided Christian church or those churches that have claimed to be representatives of the ancient undivided church. (AHD)
Of, relating to, or forming the church universal or the ancient undivided Christian church or a church claiming historical continuity from it. (MW)

cenotaph (noun)
A monument to someone buried elsewhere, especially one commemorating people who died in a war. (NOA)
A monument erected in honor of a dead person whose remains lie elsewhere. (AHD)
A monument, sometimes in the form of a tomb, erected in honor of a person or group of persons whose remains are elsewhere. (MW)

Ceylon (country)
Former name (until 1972) for Sri Lanka. (OD)

chicory (noun)
An edible weed with crunchy bitter-tasting leaves.  It is eaten in salads, and its roots, dried and roasted, are used as a coffee substitute. (CDC)
The dried, roasted, ground roots of this plant, used as an adulterant of or substitute for coffee. (AHD)
A powder made from the root of this plant and added to or used instead of coffee.  Example:  The coffee is very poor quality, mostly chicory. (CD)

chirography (noun)
Handwriting, penmanship.  Calligraphy. (MW)
Handwriting, especially as distinct from typography. (NOA)
Penmanship. (AHD)

Christmas (verb)
To celebrate Christmas; to spend the Christmas period in a particular place. (OED)(OED)
Note:  We don't see this use much today, but I am rather fond of it.  For instance:  This year, we will be Christmasing in Vermont or We always Christmas in Vermont.  Surely that sounds like something Katharine Hepburn would say.  Sadly, most modern dictionaries do not even include an entry for Christmas as a verb.  Not Merriam-Webster, not Cambridge, not Collins, not American Heritage.  And I'm not sure any of these ever included it.  The 1913 Webster's Unabridged Dictionary does not include it.  This is why there is the OED, and there is everything else.

chrysalis (noun)
A preparatory or transitional state. (OD)
A protected stage of development. (AHD)
Anything in the process of developing; a stage of development when something or someone is still protected. (CDC)

churchwarden (noun)
In the Anglican Church, the person who has been chosen by a congregation to help the vicar of a parish with administration and other duties. (CDC)
A lay officer in an Anglican church, chosen annually by the parish priest or the congregation to handle secular and legal affairs. (AHD)
Parish officer in Anglican churches with responsibility especially for parish property and alms. (MW)

chutzpah (noun)
Supreme self-confidence; nerve; gall (MW)
Unusual and shocking behavior, involving taking risks but not feeling guilty; behavior that is extremely confident and often rude, with no respect for the opinions or abilities of anyone else. (CD)
Utter nerve; effrontery. (AHD)
Gall, cheek, outrageousness, audacity, bravado, nerve, courage. (Green's)
Self-assurance bordering on impudence; audacity; effrontery. (CHM)
If you say that someone has chutzpah, you mean that you admire the fact that they are not afraid or embarrassed to do or say things that shock, surprise, or annoy other people.  Also:  Shameless audacity; impudence; brass. (CDC)
Note:  From Yiddish.  Chutzpah can be good or bad or both.

chyron (noun)
A caption superimposed over usually the lower part of a video image (as during a news broadcast).  Etymology:  After the Chyron Corporation, American manufacturer in the 1970s of a character-generating device that created such captions. (MW)
An electronically generated caption superimposed on a television or movie screen. (NOA)
A graphic that is digitally superimposed over the lower portion of a broadcast television image or a video frame, often in the form of a banner of scrolling text providing supplementary information or of an animated graphic designed to attract the viewer's attention. (AHD)

cicerone (noun)
A guide who gives information about antiquities and places of interest to sightseers. (NOA)
ciceroni (plural)

cisgender (adjective, social construct)
Denoting or relating to a person whose sense of personal identity and gender corresponds with their birth sex; not transgender. (NOA)
Of, relating to, or being a person whose gender identity corresponds with the sex the person had or was identified as having at birth. (MW)
Identifying as having a gender that corresponds to the sex one has been assigned at birth; not transgender.  Of or relating to cisgender people. (AHD)
Note:  Use of this term seems to be predicated on recognizing a difference between sex and gender.  That is, sex being biological and gender being social & cultural (a social construct).
Opposite of transgender:  Denoting or relating to a person whose sense of personal identity and gender does not correspond with their birth sex, which is different than transsexual. (RM)
See:  gender dysphoria, neopronoun, pronouns (declaring or stating)

claret (noun)
A red Bordeaux wine; also a similar wine produced elsewhere. (MW)
A dry red wine produced in the Bordeaux region of France.  A similar wine made elsewhere. (AHD)
A red wine from Bordeaux, or wine of a similar character made elsewhere. (NOA)
Note:  Quite fond of the word:  claretless (adjective):  Without claret. (OED)  As in:  Sadly, today we are claretless or a claretless dinner party.

cleric (noun)
A member of the clergy in any religion. (MW)
A clergyman or other person in religious orders. (VC)
A religious leader; a member of the clergy. (CD)
Note:  I view the term cleric to be derogatory.  For example, if one refers to a Christian priest or minister as a cleric, as one might very well refer to a mullah, buddhist priest, or the oracles of delphi, this is meant to be derogatory and condescending.  Surely equating them, lumping them all together across religions, minimizes their unique claim to represent and lead the one true religion, and rather emphasizes that they are all equally fraudulent shepherds of the credulous.

clerisy (noun)
Intelligentsia (MW)
Learned or literary people regarded as a social group or class. (OD)
Educated people considered as a group; the literati. (AHD)
An educated and intellectual elite. (VC)

cloud (noun)
Something that has a dark, lowering, or threatening aspect.  Something that obscures or blemishes. (MW)
Used to refer to a state or cause of gloom, suspicion, trouble, or worry. (OD)
Something which causes sadness or fear. (CD)
Anything that obsures or darkens something, or causes gloom, trouble, suspicion, disgrace, etc. (DC)
Anything that darkens, obscures, threatens, or makes gloomy. (CDC)
A state or cause of sadness, worry, or anger.  A state or cause of confusion or misunderstanding.  A state or cause of suspicion or disgrace. (AHD)
Anything that darkens or overshadows with gloom, trouble, affliction, suspicion; a state of gloom, etc. (OED)
Grok:  The term cloud is used figuratively, not literally.  It is an idiom meaning that someone is experiencing persistent gloom, misfortune, suspicion, or sadness that seems to hang over them, much like a dark cloud obscures the sun.  For example, it might suggest he is dealing with ongoing troubles, like personal struggles, a bad reputation, or a sense of doom, that cast a shadow over his life.  It is not about weather, but about a metaphorical atmosphere of negativity. (Grok)
See:  shadow

cockalorum (noun)
A boastful and self-important person. (MW)
A self-important little man. (NOA)
A little man with an unduly high opinion of himself. (AHD)

cogent (adjective)
Of an argument or case:  Clear, logical, and convincing. (NOA)
Appealing to the intellect or powers of reasoning; convincing. (AHD)
Appealing forcibly to the mind or reason; convincing; pertinent, relevant. (MW)
cogently (adverb)

cogitate (verb) and cogitation (noun)
cogitate:
Think deeply about something; meditate or reflect. (NOA)
To take careful thought or think carefully about; ponder. (AHD)
To ponder or meditate deeply or intently. (MW)
cogitation:
The action of thinking deeply about something; contemplation. (NOA)
The act of cogitating; meditation.  The capacity to think or reflect. (MW)
Thoughtful consideration; meditation.  A serious thought; a carefully considered reflection. (AHD)

colleague (noun)
A person with whom one works in a profession or business. (NOA)
An associate or coworker typically in a profession or in a civil or ecclesiastical office and often of similar rank or state; a fellow worker or professional. (MW)
A fellow member of a profession, staff, or academic faculty; an associate. (AHD)
Note:  What’s interesting about this rather common term is that people tend to assume that they know what it means and how it defines someone, when in fact they are left unsure.  Its vagueness is sometimes useful.

collywobbles (noun)
Stomach pain or queasiness.  Intense anxiety or nervousness. (NOA)
An uncomfortable feeling in the stomach caused by feelings of nervousness or slight fear. (CD)
An uncomfortable feeling that you get when you are very nervous. (LDOCE)
An upset stomach.  An intense feeling of nervousness.  A feeling of fear, apprehension, or nervousness. (CDC)

commodity (noun)
A raw material, primary product, or other basic good which is traded in bulk and the units of which are interchangeable for the purposes of trading.  In contemporary use, non-tangible resources such as electricity or internet bandwidth, or services such as freight or insurance, are often classed, and traded, as commodities, especially when they are fungible or interchangeable. (OED)
A product or service that is indistinguishable from ones manufactured or provided by competing companies and that therefore sells primarily on the basis of price rather than quality or style. (AHD)
In economics, a commodity is an economic good or service that has full or substantial fungibility:  That is, the market treats instances of the good or service as equivalent, or nearly so, with no regard to who produced them. (Wikipedia)
See:  fungible

comport (verb)
comport oneself:
Conduct oneself; behave.  Especially:  To behave in a manner conformable to what is right, proper, or expected. (MW)
To conduct or behave (oneself) in a particular manner. (AHD)
comport with:
Accord or agree with. (OD)
To be fitting; accord. (MW)
To agree, correspond, or harmonize. (AHD)
comportment (noun):  Personal bearing, carriage, demeanor, deportment; behavior, outward conduct, course of action. (OED)
Note:  I have written about comportment here.

conceit (noun)
A fanciful expression in writing or speech; an elaborate metaphor; an artistic effect or device; a fanciful notion. (NOA)
A witty expression or fanciful idea.  A fanciful poetic image, especially an elaborate or exaggerated comparison.  The result of intellectual activity; a thought or an opinion.  An extravagant, fanciful, and elaborate construction or structure. (AHD)
A result of mental activity; thought; individual opinion.  A fanciful idea.  An elaborate or strained metaphor.  An organizing theme or concept. (MW)
In literature, a conceit is a clever or unusual metaphor or comparison.  Something that is conceived in the mind; an idea; thought; concept; personal opinion; estimation.  A fanciful or witty expression or notion; often, a striking and elaborate metaphor, sometimes one regarded as strained and arbitrary; the use of such expressions in writing or speaking.  A flight of imagination; fancy; whim; fanciful notion.  An elaborate, fanciful metaphor, especially of a strained or far-fetched nature; the use of such metaphors as a literary characteristic. (CDC)
Note:  As opposed to the usage of excessive pride in oneself.  Also:  Only the AHD mentions a physical construction or structure, but clearly some of these, like a folly, can be conceits.  Finally, is this lexicon not a fanciful and elaborate intellectual construction?
See:  folly

concomitant (adjective)
Naturally accompanying or associated. (NOA)
Occurring or existing concurrently; attendant. (AHD)
Accompanying especially in a subordinate or incidental way; collaterally connected. (MW)
Following or accompanying as a consequence. (VC)

Congo (country)
First country:
Democratic Republic of the Congo
A large country in central Africa with a short coastline on the Atlantic Ocean; population 77,300,000 (estimated 2015); capital, Kinshasa; languages, French (official), Kongo, Lingala, Swahili, and others.  Also called Congo-Kinshasa.  Formerly called (1971–97) Zaire.  The Democratic Republic of Congo was a Belgian colony known as the Congo Free State 1885–1908 and the Belgian Congo 1908–1960.  Independence in 1960 was followed by civil war and UN intervention.  General Mobutu seized control in a coup in 1965 and changed the name of the country from the Republic of the Congo to Zaire in 1971.  The country experienced a huge influx of refugees following the violence in Rwanda in 1994, and the first of three destructive civil wars broke out in 1996.  Mobutu was overthrown in 1997 by Laurent Kabila, who changed the country's name to the Democratic Republic of Congo. (Apple Dictionary/NOA)
Second country:
Republic of the Congo
An equatorial country in Africa, with a short Atlantic coastline; population 6,800,000 (estimated 2015); languages, French (official), Kikongo, and other Bantu languages; capital, Brazzaville.  Also called Republic of Congo, Congo-Brazzaville.  The region was colonized in the 19th century by France, and as Middle Congo formed part of the larger territory of French Congo (later, French Equatorial Africa).  The country became independent in 1960. (Apple Dictionary/NOA)

consanguineous (adjective)
Relating to or denoting people descended from the same ancestor. (NOA)
Of the same lineage or origin; having a common ancestor. (AHD)
Of the same blood or origin; specifically, descended from the same ancestor. (MW)
Having the same ancestor; closely related; having the same ancestry or descent; related by blood. (CDC)
Of the same blood, related by blood, akin; of or pertaining to those so related. (OED)
As in:  consanguineous marriage.

Constantinople (city)
Former name (until 1930) for Istanbul. (NOA)

construct (noun)
An idea or theory containing various conceptual elements, typically one considered to be subjective and not based on empirical evidence. (NOA)
A concrete image or idea.  A concept, model, or schematic idea. (AHD)
Something constructed by the mind, such as a theoretical entity, a working hypothesis or concept, or a product of ideology, history, or social circumstances. (MW)
An idea or theory put together from different elements that may not be proven. (CD)

copacetic (adjective)
In excellent order. (NOA)
Very satisfactory. (MW)
Excellent, first-rate; okay, satisfactory. (Green's)
Very satisfactory or acceptable; fine. (AHD)

copy (noun)
Marketing term:  The text of an advertisement, publicity material, or other marketing asset. (RM)
copywriter:  A person who writes such copy.

coquette (noun)
A flirtatious woman. (OD)
A woman who regularly makes romantic or sexual overtures; a flirt. (AHD)
A woman who endeavors without sincere affection to gain the attention and admiration of men. (MW)
A woman who likes to attract attention by behaving as if she is sexually interested in people, in a pleasant but not serious way. (CD)
coquettish (adjective):  Behaving in such a way as to suggest a playful sexual attraction; flirtatious. (NOA)
coquettishly (adverb)

corrigendum (noun)
A thing to be corrected, typically an error in a printed book. (NOA)
An error in a printed work discovered after printing and shown with its correction on a separate sheet. (MW)
A list of such errors with their corrections, inserted in a published work. (CDC)
corrigendum versus erratum:  An erratum is an error in any printed work before publication that requires correction, while a corrigendum is a correction made to a published work. (Writers' Order)
Note:  Writers' Order points out that the distinction between corrigendum and erratum is chronological, either before or after publication.  Fine, no doubt correct, but no publisher is going to point out an error without also including its concomitant correction.  Surely the result is the same, a piece of paper inserted into the work.  It is worth noting that digitalization of the writing, printing, publication, and now reading process has vastly decreased the need for either resolution.

counterpart (noun)
One having the same function or characteristics as another. (MW)
A person or thing that corresponds to or has the same function as another person or thing in a different place or situation (NOA).
One that has the same functions and characteristics as another; a corresponding person or thing. (AHD)
Note:  In negotiations, I use this term when discussing the other side or sides, as there may be more than one.  Jim Camp (Start With No) prefers the term respected adversary.  In any case, the parties on the other side are not your friends.  And even if they are friends, for the purposes of a negotiation and transaction, one should treat them with a certain degree of dispassion.

couthy or couthie (adjective)
Of a person:  Warm and friendly.  Of a place:  Cosy and comfortable. (OD)
Agreeable and genial. (VC)
Sociable; friendly; congenial; agreeable; genial; kindly.  Comfortable; snug. (CDC)
Of a person:  Agreeable, kindly, affectionate. (DARE)

coyote (noun)
One who smuggles immigrants into the U.S. (MW)
A person who smuggles Latin Americans across the US border, typically for a high fee. (NOA)
A smuggler of illegal immigrants from Mexico into the US. (Green's)
See:  pollo

crass (adjective)
Showing no intelligence or sensitivity. (OD)
Lacking sensitivity, refinement, or intelligence. (NOA)
Having or indicating such grossness of mind as precludes delicacy and discrimination. (MW)
So crude and unrefined as to be lacking in discrimination and sensibility. (AHD)
Without refinement, delicacy, or sensitivity; gross; obtuse; stupid. (DC)
See:  gauche

credulous (adjective)
Disposed to believe too readily; gullible. (AHD)
Having or showing too great a readiness to believe things. (NOA)
Ready to believe especially on slight or uncertain evidence. (MW)
Too willing to believe what you are told and so easily deceived. (CD)
See:  incredulous

crenellations (noun)
A wall around the top of a castle, with regular spaces in it through which the people inside the castle can shoot. (CD)
The battlements of a castle or other building. (NOA)
battlement:  A parapet at the top of a wall, especially of a fort or castle, that has regularly spaced squared openings for shooting through. (NOA)
parapet:  A low protective wall along the edge of a roof, bridge, or balcony. (NOA)
Any of the embrasures alternating with merlons in a battlement. (MW)
embrasure:  An opening with sides flaring outward in a wall or parapet of a fortification usually for allowing the firing of cannon. (MW)  A small opening in a parapet of a fortified building, splayed on the inside. (NOA)
merlon:  Any of the solid intervals between crenellations of a battlement. (MW)  The solid part of an embattled parapet between two embrasures. (NOA)
Note:  To summarize, a low wall, parapet, at the top of a castle, or at the top of the wall of a fortified city, with splayed openings, embrasures, for shooting through, alternating with solid intervals, merlons.
See:  parapet, portcullis

crepitation (noun)
A crackling or rattling sound. (NOA)
The sharp sound of snapping noises. (VC)
crepitate (verb):  To make a crackling sound. (MW)

crepuscular (adjective)
Of, resembling, or relating to twilight.  Of an animal, appearing or active in twilight. (NOA)
Of, relating to, or resembling twilight; dim.  Occurring or active during twilight. (MW)
Of or like twilight; dim.  Occurring at dawn or dusk or both.  Used of animals:  Active primarily at dawn or dusk or both. (AHD)

cricket (British idiom)
Cricket played in the correct manner or proper spirit; hence more generally, honorable dealings between opponents or rivals in any sphere; fair play.  Chiefly in negative contexts, denoting something contrary to traditional standards of fairness or rectitude, especially in not cricket. (OED)
To play cricket:  To act fairly or honorably.  Frequently in negative contexts. (OED)
Because cricket is so tied to ideas of fairness and propriety, hence not cricket for unfairness, to play cricket might imply doing something in an upright, honorable way, especially in older or more formal contexts.  For instance, He is playing cricket with us could subtly suggest someone is acting in good faith, sticking to the rules. (Grok)

crickets (idiom)
A conspicuous lack of response; silence. (MW)
No reply or reaction at all; no spoken or written answer. (CD)
Grok:  A lack of reaction, response, or noise.  A term used to describe an awkward, empty silence or lack of response, often after something is said or done that fails to get a reaction, evoking the image of hearing only distant cricket chirps in a quiet, unresponsive moment.  Examples:  I pitched my idea to the team, and all I got was crickets; I asked if anyone wanted to volunteer, and all I got was crickets.  It captures the vibe of a conversational void, with that playful nod to the insect’s sound filling the awkward gap. (Grok)
ChatGPT:  A figurative expression meaning silence or a lack of response.  It originates from the idea that in a very quiet environment, the only sound one might hear is the chirping of crickets.  This phrase is often used humorously or sarcastically to indicate that no one responded to a question, request, or statement. (ChatGPT)
Gemini:  A metaphorical term used to describe a complete absence of response, particularly to a question, request, or invitation.  It signifies silence or a lack of participation.  Implies no one is willing to respond or participate.  Origin, the sound of crickets is associated with quiet, empty spaces, creating a sense of awkward or uncomfortable silence. (Gemini)

cruciverbalist (noun)
A person who enjoys or is skilled at solving crosswords. (OD)
A person skillful in creating or solving crossword puzzles. (MW)
A constructor of crosswords.  An enthusiast of word games, especially of crosswords. (AHD)
A crossword puzzle enthusiast.  A designer or aficionado of crossword puzzles. (CDC)

custom (noun)
Regular dealings with a shop or business by customers. (NOA)
Business patronage; usually habitual patrons. (MW)
Habitual patronage, as of a store. (AHD)
A customer's, especially regular, dealings with a particular shop, business, etc.; the fact or state of a person being a regular customer.  Most often used with possessive:  my custom; their custom, etc. (OED)

cut-glass (adjective)
Used about a way of speaking in which words are pronounced very clearly and carefully, in a way that is typical of someone from a high social class : A cut-glass accent. (CD)
Of an accent, upper-class; refined. (CDC)
Characterized by precise and careful enunciation. (OD)
Characterized by formal elegance and refinement; refined, genteel; upper-class or upper-middle-class; especially of a person's accent, displaying precise and careful enunciation of a sort associated with the speech of the English upper-class or upper-middle-classes. (OED)
Example:  She spoke in cut-glass Parisian French.

cynophilist (noun)
A dog fancier; one that is favorably disposed towards dogs. (MW)
One who loves dogs. (WN)
A person with a love of dogs. (CDC)
A lover of dogs. (OED)

𓐵

B <=> D

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X-Y  Z